How does Ozempic function in the body?

Ozempic, generically known as semaglutide, is a medication used to improve blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes and to reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events such as heart attack and stroke in those who also have heart disease. It mimics the functions of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) that is naturally produced in the body. GLP-1 plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels by stimulating insulin release from the pancreas when blood sugar levels are high. Additionally, semaglutide delays gastric emptying, which contributes to a decrease in postprandial glucose, and reduces glucagon secretion, thereby preventing the liver from producing too much glucose. As a GLP-1 receptor agonist, Ozempic has the added benefit of potentially promoting weight loss, as it can reduce appetite and food intake. It is administered via injection and is not intended for use in patients with type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis.